Yes. Nasal Vac is effective in Progressive Atrophic Rhinitis (PAR) and
non-PAR Bordetella herds. However, this is not the main reason to
administer this product. Generalized protection for the ciliated
respiratory tree is the key benefit delivered by Nasal Vac.
Yes. There is reason to suspect that concurrent use of antibiotics and
live bacterial vaccines may be defeating the purpose of a given vaccination
program. Practically we have not observed this problem with Nasal
Vac. Through selection of antibiotics for which the vaccine is resistant,
any suspicion of negative interaction between antibiotics and vaccine can be
eliminated. Our vaccinal strain has a resistant pattern against seven
antibiotics (Ampicillin, Apramycin, Ceftiofur, Clindamycin/Pirlimycin,
Penicillin G, Spectinomycin, and Streptomycin). This knowledge allows the
veterinarian or herdsman to select from this list of antibiotics to treat
endemic disease during the first two weeks without risk of interfering with
Nasal Vac colonization. Judicious antibiotic selection requires that the
treated disease agent (or organism) be susceptible to these agents, i.e.
susceptibility testing.
Yes. Protected vaccinates should not require antibiotic therapy for
respiratory conditions as often as effected non-vaccinates, especially after
weaning. Recent reports from Mexico indicate that $3,000 in antibiotic
costs for respiratory disease were saved from one herd after Nasal Vac
administration.
Our experience suggests that Nasal Vac is not a stand alone approach to
disease prevention. Initially, other products may be required. Over
time herds may gradually be weaned off some of these products to some
degree. Repeated field reports indicate that traditional vaccine usage can
be reduced over time. Sow vaccination programs are generally unaffected.
Handling the product requires reasonable care as refrigeration is indicated
(but not frozen). Unused quantities should be places back into the
refrigerator where possible. Practically at room temperature in the
farrowing house, the product will last several days, as long as freezing,
extreme heat, and gross contamination are avoided.
Nasal Vac has a shelf-life of 18 months from the date of bottling and potency
testing. It must be stored in the refrigerator until used.
International orders will have at least 15 months of shelf-life remaining before
shipment is approved.
Although, no research data supports the contention that Nasal Vac protects against
Mycoplasma, intuitively it makes plausible sense that it might if the physical
pulmonary clearance mechanism can be protected. Nasal Vac definitely
affords protection against colonization by Pasteurella by protecting ciliated
epithelium. Pasteurella require prior insults to the epithelium before
they can attach and cause damage by releasing toxins which enter the submucosa
and go systemic. Pathogenic Bordetella predispose the epithelium for
Pasteurella damage. Nasal Vac protects against invasion and colonization
by pathogenic Bordetella.
Competitive exclusion is a new generation approach to disease prevention and
control. Nasal Vac works primarily by this mechanism of anti-colonization
during the critical first 3 weeks of life. Immunity may play a role after
21 days. This new technology offers the veterinarian and production
manager a new unique tool in the fight to control respiratory disease in
intensive swine units. Use can decrease labor costs, decrease antibiotic
usage, decrease production times, and increase profits.
No evidence of maternal interference has been uncovered from our research or
over many years of field use of this product. Sows naturally infected with
Bb or immunized with commercial or autogenous bacterins containing killed Bb
will provide piglets colostrum containing specific IgG antibodies to Bb.
This passive immunity will provide systemic protection against deep turbinate
damage from Bb toxins but these IgG antibodies will not protect the
respiratory epithelium surface from infection and colonization by pathogenic Bb,
nor will they interfere with our vaccine activity. Predominantly IgA
secretory antibody protects the upper airway ciliated mucous layer.
Secretory antibodies (mucosal immunity) are generally produced by localized
infections of the epithelial surfaces (respiratory or intestinal mucosa) and are
not generated in response to systemic vaccination. Plasma cells in the
lamina propria immediately below the basement membrane of the surface epithelia
produce IgA secretory antibodies. Slight amounts of IgM have been detected
in repiratory mucus. IgG also provides protection for the deeper airways
(bronchioles and alveoli). IgM and IgG classes of immunoglobulins in the
deeper respiratory system may be the result of active immunization.
Immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM) are present in colostrum to provide passive
protection for the newborn.
Although no incompatibilities have surfaced, this could potentially be a
problem if both products are applied concurrently. Spacing of 2-3 days
reduces this concern. Certain modified live intranasal vaccines have been used
concurrently without loss of efficacy. Controlled research data on
concurrent administration will not normally be available. Each situation
should be evaluated and efficacy monitored by the attending veterinarian.
Our technical services veterinarian is available to thoroughly investigate each
concern prior to giving the go ahead.
